« Previous
Next »
Transfusion Medicine Reviews
Volume 22, Issue 2
, Pages 103-116
, April 2008
The Mechanisms of Action of Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Polyclonal Anti-D Immunoglobulin in the Amelioration of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: What Do We Really Know?
References
- Identification of critical antigen-specific mechanisms in the development of immune thrombocytopenic purpura in mice. Blood. 2000;96:2520–2527
- T-cell–mediated cytotoxicity toward platelets in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Nat Med. 2003;9:1123–1124
- Relative efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin G in ameliorating thrombocytopenia induced by antiplatelet GPIIbIIIa versus GPIbalpha antibodies. Blood. 2006;108:943–946
- High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood. Lancet. 1981;1:1228–1231
- . Anti-inflammatory activity of IVIG mediated through the inhibitory Fc receptor. Science. 2001;291:484–486
- Can antibodies with specificity for soluble antigens mimic the therapeutic effects of intravenous IgG in the treatment of autoimmune disease?. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:155–160
- Intravenous immunoglobulin ameliorates ITP via activating Fcgamma receptors on dendritic cells. Nat Med. 2006;12:688–692
- . Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin in immune thrombocytopenia. Lancet. 1983;2:193–195
- Treatment of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura with rhesus antibodies (anti-Rh0(D)]. Blut. 1984;49:29–35
- Treatment of childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with Rhesus antibodies (anti-D). Eur J Pediatr. 1986;145:166–169
- Randomised trial of intravenous immunoglobulin G, intravenous anti-D, and oral prednisone in childhood acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet. 1994;344:703–707
- Intravenous anti-D treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura: Experience in 272 patients. Blood. 1997;89:2689–2700
- Therapeutic efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin preparations depends on the immunoglobulin G dimers: Studies in experimental immune thrombocytopenia. Blood. 2001;98:1095–1099
- Intravenous (IV) anti-D and IV immunoglobulin achieve acute platelet increases by different mechanisms: Modulation of cytokine and platelet responses to IV anti-D by FcgammaRIIa and FcgammaRIIIa polymorphisms. Br J Haematol. 2004;124:511–518
- Monoclonal antibodies that mimic the action of anti-D in the amelioration of murine ITP act by a mechanism distinct from that of IVIg. Blood. 2005;105:1546–1548
- Treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura with an anti-Fc gamma-receptor antibody. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1236–1239
- Monoclonal antibody 197 (anti-Fc gamma RI) infusion in a patient with immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) results in down-modulation of Fc gamma RI on circulating monocytes. Br J Haematol. 1996;92:718–724
- . Inhibition of monocyte and polymorphonuclear granulocyte immune phagocytosis by monoclonal antibodies specific for Fc gamma RI, II and III. Ann Hematol. 1997;74:15–22
- . Transient reversal of thrombocytopenia in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by high-dose intravenous gamma globulin. N Engl J Med. 1982;306:1254–1258
- Intravenous gammaglobulin treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood. 1983;62:480–486
- Prolongation of platelet survival in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by high-dose intravenous gamma globulin. Thromb Haemost. 1984;51:65–66
- Successful response to intravenous immunoglobulin in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Br J Haematol. 1985;60:387–388
- . Immune thrombocytopenia and Fc receptor–mediated phagocyte function. Ann Hematol. 1994;69:61–67
- IVIg inhibits reticuloendothelial system function and ameliorates murine passive-immune thrombocytopenia independent of anti-idiotype reactivity. Br J Haematol. 2001;115:679–686
- . Role of Fcg receptors in the pathogenesis and treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2003;25:S14–S18
- . Fcgamma receptors: Old friends and new family members. Immunity. 2006;24:19–28
- IgEb immune complexes activate macrophages through FcgammaRIV binding. Nat Immunol. 2007;8:762–771
- . Comparison of intravenous gamma globulin and a monoclonal anti–Fc receptor antibody as inhibitors of immune clearance in vivo in mice. J Clin Invest. 1986;77:2010–2018
- Monoclonal IgG can ameliorate immune thrombocytopenia in a murine model of ITP: An alternative to IVIG. Blood. 2003;101:3708–3713
- Monomeric IgG in intravenous Ig preparations is a functional antagonist of FcgammaRII and FcgammaRIIIb. J Immunol. 2004;173:332–339
- . Autoantibodies purified from therapeutic preparations of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) induce the formation of autoimmune complexes in normal human serum: A role in the in vivo mechanisms of action of IVIg?. Int Immunol. 2004;16:929–936
- Biologic response to anti-CD16 monoclonal antibody therapy in a human immunodeficiency virus-related immune thrombocytopenic purpura patient. Blood. 1993;81:15–19
- GMA161 treatment of refractory ITP: efficacy of Fc{gamma}-RIII blockade. Blood. 2006;108:1074;[abst]
- . Treatment of acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura of childhood with intravenous immunoglobulin G: Comparative efficacy of 7S and 5S preparations. J Pediatr. 1986;109:770–775
- Fc-depleted vs intact intravenous immunoglobulin in chronic ITP. J Pediatr. 1984;105:676–677
- IVIg-mediated amelioration of murine ITP via Fc{gamma}RIIB is independent of SHIP1, SHP-1, and Btk activity. Blood. 2003;102:558–560
- Mechanisms of action of intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006;47:710–713
- . Reversal of immune thrombocytopenia in mice by cross-linking human immunoglobulin G with a high-affinity monoclonal antibody. Br J Haematol. 2006;135:97–100
- . Immunology. Giving inhibitory receptors a boost. Science. 2001;291:445–446
- . Fc gamma RIIB as a potential molecular target for intravenous gamma globulin therapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108:S95–S98
- Intravenous immunoglobulin in autoimmune disorders: An insight into the immunoregulatory mechanisms. Int Immunopharmacol. 2006;6:528–534
- Inhibition of autoantibody binding to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa by anti-idiotypic antibodies in intravenous gammaglobulin. Blood. 1989;74:2414–2417
- Effect of intravenous gammaglobulin on circulating and platelet-bound antibody in immune thrombocytopenia. Blood. 1989;73:662–665
- Infusion of Fc gamma fragments for treatment of children with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet. 1993;342:945–949
- Human autoantibodies reactive with synthetic autoantigens from T-cell receptor beta chain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992;89:3325–3329
- Anti-CD4 activity of normal human immunoglobulin G for therapeutic use (intravenous immunoglobulin IVIg). Ther Immunol. 1994;1:269–277
- Antibodies to the CD5 molecule in normal human immunoglobulins for therapeutic use (intravenous immunoglobulins IVIg). Clin Exp Immunol. 1993;92:369–372
- Natural antibodies sustain differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:14210–14215
- High-avidity autoantibodies to cytokines. Immunol Today. 1998;19:209–211
- Antibodies to a conserved region of HLA class I molecules, capable of modulating CD8 T cell–mediated function, are present in pooled normal immunoglobulin for therapeutic use. J Clin Invest. 1996;97:865–869
- Suppressor cell function after intravenous gammaglobulin treatment in adult chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol. 1985;60:315–322
- . Treatment of adult patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with intravenous immunoglobulin: Effects on circulating T cell subsets and PWM-induced antibody synthesis in vitro. Br J Haematol. 1986;62:125–135
- . CD4 and CD8 subpopulation changes during high dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. Br J Haematol. 1990;76:513–520
- Alteration of T cell subsets and immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro during high dose gamma-globulin therapy in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Clin Exp Immunol. 1983;53:697–702
- . Cellular sites of immunologic unresponsiveness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970;65:551–556
- Stimulation of B and T cells by in vivo high dose immunoglobulin administration in normal mice. J Autoimmun. 1991;4:325–339
- Normal serum immunoglobulins influence the numbers of bone marrow pre-B and B cells. Eur J Immunol. 1991;21:1155–1161
- Intravenous immunoglobulins and transforming growth factor beta. Lancet. 1998;351:184–185
- Concurrent presence of agonistic and antagonistic anti-CD95 autoantibodies in intravenous Ig preparations. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003;112:1185–1190
- The growth arresting effect of human immunoglobulin for intravenous use is mediated by antibodies recognizing membrane glycolipids. J Clin Immunol. 1997;17:301–310
- Therapeutic preparations of normal polyspecific IgG (IVIg) induce apoptosis in human lymphocytes and monocytes: A novel mechanism of action of IVIg involving the Fas apoptotic pathway. J Immunol. 1998;161:3781–3790
- Inhibition of toxic epidermal necrolysis by blockade of CD95 with human intravenous immunoglobulin. Science. 1998;282:490–493
- Multi-dysfunctional pathophysiology in ITP. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2005;54:107–116
- In vivo modulation of cytokine synthesis by intravenous immunoglobulin. Clin Exp Immunol. 1999;116:509–515
- Release of cytokines, soluble cytokine receptors, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist after intravenous immunoglobulin administration in vivo. Blood. 1994;84:2136–2143
- . IgG induction of IL-1 receptor antagonist production by human monocytes. Immunol Rev. 1994;139:71–78
- Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist: Role in biology. Annu Rev Immunol. 1998;16:27–55
- Exacerbation of granuloma formation in IL-1 receptor antagonist–deficient mice with impaired dendritic cell maturation associated with Th2 cytokine production. J Immunol. 2005;174:3273–3280
- Colony-stimulating factor-1–dependent macrophages are responsible for IVIG protection in antibody-induced autoimmune disease. Immunity. 2003;18:573–581
- A role for IL-1 receptor antagonist or other cytokines in the acute therapeutic effects of IVIg?. Blood. 2007;109:155–158
- . Absence of cytokine modulation following therapeutic infusion of intravenous immunoglobulin or anti–red blood cell antibodies in a mouse model of immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol. 2007;136:837–843
- . High doses of intravenous Ig inhibit in vitro uptake of C4 fragments onto sensitized erythrocytes. Blood. 1991;77:376–380
- Intravenously applied IgG stimulates complement attenuation in a complement-dependent autoimmune disease at the amplifying C3 convertase level. Blood. 2004;103:465–472
- F(ab)'2-mediated neutralization of C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins: A novel effector function of immunoglobulins. Nat Med. 2003;9:431–438
- High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin modifies complement-mediated in vivo clearance. Blood. 1989;74:326–333
- High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment activates complement in vivo. Scand J Immunol. 1998;48:312–317
- . Role of complement in immune or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1998;424:37–40
- . An Fc receptor structurally related to MHC class I antigens. Nature. 1989;337:184–187
- High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for myasthenia gravis. Lancet. 1984;1:848–849
- The SCID mouse as a model for autoimmunity. J Autoimmun. 1993;6:667–674
- High-dose intravenous immune globulin for stiff-person syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1870–1876
- . Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on platelet count and antiplatelet antibody disposition in a rat model of immune thrombocytopenia. Blood. 2002;100:2087–2093
- Increased clearance of IgG in mice that lack beta 2–microglobulin: Possible protective role of FcRn. Immunology. 1996;89:573–578
- . The protection receptor for IgG catabolism is the beta2-microglobulin–containing neonatal intestinal transport receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996;93:5512–5516
- . Intravenous immunoglobulin mediates an increase in anti-platelet antibody clearance via the FcRn receptor. Thromb Haemost. 2002;88:898–899
- The MHC class I–like Fc receptor promotes humorally mediated autoimmune disease. J Clin Invest. 2004;113:1328–1333
- Complete FcRn dependence for intravenous Ig therapy in autoimmune skin blistering diseases. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:3440–3450
- Dendritic cells as vectors for therapy. Cell. 2001;106:271–274
- Inhibition of maturation and function of dendritic cells by intravenous immunoglobulin. Blood. 2003;101:758–765
- . Anti-inflammatory activity of immunoglobulin G resulting from Fc sialylation. Science. 2006;313:670–673
- . Interaction sites on human IgG-Fc for FcgammaR: Current models. Immunol Lett. 2002;82:57–65
- Intravenous immunoglobulins suppress T-cell priming by modulating the bi-directional interaction between dendritic cells and natural killer cells. Blood. 2007;110:3253–3262
- . Human intravenous immunoglobulin modulates monokine production in vitro. Immunology. 1990;71:372–376
- Aggregated immunoglobulin and Fc fragment of IgG induce IL-6 release from human monocytes. Cell Immunol. 1990;129:95–103
- . Antiidiotypes against autoantibodies in pooled normal human polyspecific Ig. J Immunol. 1989;143:4104–4109
- . Inhibition of IgE production in vitro by intact and fragmented intravenous immunoglobulin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108:229–234
- FcgammaRIII-dependent inhibition of interferon-gamma responses mediates suppressive effects of intravenous immune globulin. Immunity. 2007;26:67–78
- A multicenter study of the treatment of childhood chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with anti-D. J Pediatr. 1992;120:522–527
- . Effect of IgG anti-Rho(D) in adult patients with chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Am J Hematol. 1986;22:241–250
- Intravenous anti-D treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura: Analysis of efficacy, toxicity, and mechanism of effect. Blood. 1991;77:1884–1893
- . Anti-D: mechanisms of action. Semin Hematol. 1998;35:14–22
- Fc receptor blockade in patients with refractory chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura with anti-D IgG. Arch Med Res. 2002;33:536–540
- . Anti-D Ig for treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (letter). Blood. 1991;2157–2158
- Anti-RH immunoglobulin therapy for human immunodeficiency virus–related immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood. 1988;71:1499–1502
- . Efficacy and response to intravenous anti-D immunoglobulin in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Clin Lab Haematol. 2005;27:267–269
- Do the acute platelet responses of patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) to IV anti-D and to IV gammaglobulin predict response to subsequent splenectomy?. Am J Hematol. 2001;67:27–33
- Autoimmune thrombocytopenia: anti-glycoprotein IIb/IIIa auto antibodies are reduced after human anti-D immunoglobulin treatment. Autoimmunity. 1994;18:141–144
- Antenatal administration of Rh-immune globulin causes significant increases in the immunomodulatory cytokines transforming growth factor-beta and prostaglandin E2. Transfusion. 2006;46:1316–1322
- Anti-D (WinRho SD) treatment of children with chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura stimulates transient cytokine/chemokine production. Am J Hematol. 2002;69:225–227
- Release of cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors after intravenous anti-D treatment in children with chronic thrombocytopenic purpura. Hematol J. 2001;2:242–249
- . Anti-D initially stimulates an Fc-dependent leukocyte oxidative burst and subsequently suppresses erythrophagocytosis via interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Blood. 2003;102:2862–2867
- . Comparison of the effects of antibody-coated liposomes, IVIG, and anti-RBC immunotherapy in a murine model of passive chronic immune thrombocytopenia. Blood. 2007;109:2470–2476
- Efficacy and safety of anti-D given by subcutaneous injection to patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Eur J Haematol. 2004;73:71–72
- Treatment of chronic childhood immune thrombocytopenic purpura with intramuscular anti-D immunoglobulins. Br J Haematol. 1994;88:618–620
- . Alloimmunity to RhD in humans. Transfus Clin Biol. 2006;13:19–22
This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario.
PII: S0887-7963(07)00110-1
doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2007.12.001
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Transfusion Medicine Reviews
Volume 22, Issue 2
, Pages 103-116
, April 2008
